THEMES

Diversity and intersectionality

Just as disability is part of human diversity, disability is diverse and experienced by individuals in unique ways. As disability is conceptualised as the interaction between impairment and barriers, there is a huge diversity of disability. Two people with the same type of disability may have completely different lives depending on where they live, their gender, their age, their ethnicity, their access to services, and how their communities perceive and include them. People who experience both disability and some other types of marginalised identities, are likely to experience greater levels of exclusion as their marginalisation by society is compounded.

Resources in this section and the corresponding sub sections related to diversity and intersectionality, include evidence and research findings about the diverse experiences of disability, and how programs can address compounding layers of marginalisation to ensure that people from under-represented disability groups are also able to benefit and be included in development programs.

Disability inclusion and equity in development programming

Disability inclusion and equity in international development is about designing and implementing development programs to ensure that people with disabilities benefit from the same opportunities for participation, contribution, decision making and improved economic well-being as others. This involves a process of ensuring that people with disabilities are able to fully engage, participate and lead on not just an equal basis with others, but an equitable basis, from the outset (recognising that action needs to be taking to address barriers to participation and equal benefit). People with disabilities have a right to participate in, contribute to, and benefit from development. Disability inclusion is relevant to all development program sectors and is core to international and humanitarian commitments, including those outlined in Article 32 and Article 11 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).

DFAT (2025) Disability Equity in Investment Design Good Practice Note

Investment design is a critical enabler of disability equity and rights across development programs. This Good Practice Note helps program managers and design teams to embed disability equity and rights in investment designs, aligned with DFAT’s International Development Programming Guide.

CBM Global IAG (2025) Disability in GEDSI Analysis: Quick reference guide

This quick reference guide is for Gender Equality, Disability and Social Inclusion (GEDSI) advisors and development practitioners who are undertaking GEDSI analysis and looking to ensure that disability equity and rights are adequately addressed.

UNDP (2018) Disability Inclusive Development: Guidance and Entry Points

This guide discusses the importance of, and provides entry points for including people with disabilities in development efforts.

UN Special Rapporteur on Disability (2016) Report on disability-inclusive policies

This report explains the economic case for disability-inclusive policies, and provides evidence on the cost that comes with excluding people with disabilities from development.

UN Special Rapporteur on Disability (2020) Report on disability-inclusive international cooperation

This report examines the importance of international cooperation to support the implementation of the rights of people with disabilities.

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