SECTORS

Economic inclusion and livelihoods

Economic inclusion and inclusive livelihoods encompasses a number of areas including work and employment, social protection, vocational training and access to credit, all of which are relevant for people with disabilities to create a sustainable life for themselves and their families.

However, many people with disabilities experience various barriers, including experiencing discrimination when seeking and maintaining employment, having limited access to formal and informal training activities for employment, and may have experiences being considered untrustworthy by credit providers due to discriminatory financial policies. People with disabilities often have difficulty accessing information about their rights to welfare or financial support, or the processes needed to apply for these, particularly in accessible formats.

Resources provided in this section provide evidence, research, and guidance to achieve economic inclusion and inclusive livelihoods.

CBM-Nossal (2024) Disability Equity and Rights Essay: Disability inclusive social protection

This ‘Disability equity and rights: Challenges, opportunities, and ways forward for inclusive development’ publication was prepared under the DFAT – CBM Inclusion Advisory Group Disability Inclusion Technical Partnership, an Australian aid initiative implemented by CBM Inclusion Advisory Group and the Nossal Institute for Global Health at the University of Melbourne.

WTO, Aid For Trade fact sheet

Aid for Trade is about helping developing countries, in particular the least developed, to build the trade capacity and infrastructure they need to benefit from trade opening.

IPEF (2022) Ministerial Text for Trade Pillar of the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity

The Framework seeks to advance resilience, sustainability, inclusiveness, economic growth, fairness, and competitiveness for the 14 IPEF economies.

Jaramillo Ruiz, F. et al (2023) The inclusion of disability as a non-trade issue in preferential trade agreements

This study examines the inclusion of disability provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs).

Bahri, A. (2022) Making Trade Agreements Work for People with Disabilities: What’s been Achieved and What Remains Undone?

This study seeks to spark discussion and dialogue on how trade agreements can be made to work for and protect the interests of persons with disabilities

Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland (2023) Inclusive trade and persons with disabilities

This report contributes to a disability inclusive trade policy agenda by building an analytical framework that illustrates the multiple channels through which greater trade integration impacts persons with disabilities, and by developing a definition of disability inclusive trade that can be operationalized.

OHCHR (2020) Policy Guidelines for Inclusive Sustainable Development Goals: Quality Education

Provides detailed guidance for policymakers on measures that are required to implement the Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) on Quality Education which ensure the inclusion of persons with disabilities.

ILO (2017) Making TVET and skills systems inclusive of persons with disabilities

This policy brief focuses on how mainstream Technical, Vocational Education and Training (TVET) and skills development systems can contribute to improving the labour market situation of persons with disabilities.

Light for the World (2020) Disability-Inclusive Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET)

This Issue Brief provides recommendations for governments and development actors to plan, fund and support accessible and inclusive TVET.

Partnering with Disabled People’s Organisations to Improve Disability Inclusive Skills Development and Economic Empowerment in Vanuatu

The Vanuatu Skills Partnership is a joint investment between the Governments of Australia and Vanuatu.

Kidd, S et al (2019) Leaving No-one Behind: Building Inclusive Social Protection Systems for Persons with Disabilities

This report examines how to make social protection systems and schemes more inclusive of persons with disabilities.

ESCAP (2022) Understanding Universal Social Protection

The primer clarifies understanding around universality in social protection, what it entails and how it can be operationalised. 

ILO, IDA & UNPRPD (2022) Social Protection for the Inclusion of People with Disabilities

Social protection has a critical role to play in ensuring the wellbeing of people with disabilities as well as to support their inclusion in society. 

ILO & IDA (2019) Joint statement: Towards inclusive social protection systems supporting the full and effective participation of persons with disabilities

The joint statement reflects shared commitment and aims to build greater consensus on the importance of inclusive social protection systems supporting the full and effective participation of persons with disabilities.

Mont, D. et al (2020) Considering the Disability related Extra Costs in Social Protection

The paper will tackle several critical elements required for social protection systems and programs to adequately consider disability related extra costs.

UNICEF (2021) Combatting the Costs of Exclusion for Children with Disabilities and their Families

This paper makes the case that the costs of excluding children with disabilities are high. Fortunately, evidence also demonstrates that there are effective ways to ameliorate these costs. 

IFC (2024) ‘Investing for Inclusion: Exploring a Disability Lens. A Guide for Investors’

This is a beneficial resource for multi-lateral development banks and development finance institutions to explore the many entry points to address the inequalities faced by people with disabilities in leadership and employment. 

Banks, L M and Polack, S (2014) The economic costs of exclusion and gains of inclusion of people with disabilities: evidence from low and middle income countries

This report presents the results of a systematic review on the association between disability and poverty in low and middle income countries, finding that 80 per cent of studies found a link between disability and poverty.

IFC (2022) Inclusive Banking: Emerging Practices to Advance the Economic Inclusion of Persons with Disabilites

This resource shares the emerging practices on disability inclusion in the banking sector that are required to achieve for people with disabilities. 

Buckup, S (2009) ‘The Price of Exclusion: The economic consequences of excluding people with disabilities from the world of work’

This study highlights the economic consequences of excluding people with disabilities from participating in the employment sector. 

World Vision Australia (2024) Growing Disability Inclusiveness in Agriculture- Guidance Note

This guidance note provides ideas, tips and examples that focus on how to improve disability inclusion in the agriculture production end of the agrifood system.

The Cambodian Disabled Peoples Organisation (2011) Good practices in inclusive agricultural skill training for persons with disabilities

This report shares good practices in inclusive agricultural skill training for people with disabilities, based on findings from a project in Cambodia called 'Making It Work'.

PRISMA & Pusat Rehabilitasi YAKKUM (2024) Accessibility Guidelines in Agriculture

This guideline on achieving accessibility in the agriculture sector was developed to support the private sector and international development actors to increase the participation of people with disabilities in agriculture.

International Labour Organization (2014) Achieving equal employment opportunities for people with disabilities through legislation

This online education guide aims to support users in the development, implementation and evaluation of employment legislation and policy which promotes equal employment opportunities.

Fundación ONCE and ILO (2023) Making the green transition inclusive for persons with disabilities

The report explores many of the expected employment trends that will accompany the necessary transition to an economy and society aligned with the various planetary environmental thresholds that safeguard our collective wellbeing.

ESCAP (2021) Disability at a Glance: The Shaping of Disability-Inclusive Employment in Asia and the Pacific

This is a compendium of the current state of employment of persons with disabilities in the Asia and Pacific region.

ILO (2016) Promoting diversity and inclusion through workplace adjustments: A practical guide

This guide aims to explain the concept of reasonable adjustments (“reasonable accommodation”) and provide practical step-by-step guidance on how and when these should be provided in the workplace.

International Labor Organization (2017) Guide for business on the rights of persons with disabilities

Concrete actions and measures companies can take to implement good practices that are inclusive of persons with disabilities in the workplace, marketplace and in the community.

Inclusive Futures (2020) The disability-confident employers’ toolkit

Practical guidance to make it easier for leaders, HR executives and property managers to foster inclusive workspaces.

OHCHR (2020) Policy Guidelines for Inclusive Sustainable Development Goals: Decent work and economic growth

Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all.

Pacific Community (2019) Pacific handbook for gender equity and social inclusion in coastal fisheries and aquaculture

This handbook is designed to give practical guidance on improving gender and social inclusion in coastal fisheries and aquaculture for staff working in fisheries agencies in Pacific Island countries and territories.

International Labour Organization (2016) Disability in the Workplace: Employers’ Organizations and Business Networks, 2016

ILO Global Business and Disability Network have presented 14 case studies on how national employers’ organisations and business networks have been utilised to promote disability inclusion within the private sector.

Sanchez, Jeannette. (2015). International Labour Organisation: Geneva, Moving towards disability inclusion: Stories of change

This publication produced by the ILO-Irish Aid Partnership Program discusses approaches to disability inclusive employment through case examples.

Bruijn, P. (2014) Inclusion Works! Lessons learned on the inclusion of people with disabilities in a food security project for ultra poor women in Bangladesh

Inclusion Works! is a lessons learned report on an EU funded food security project in Bangladesh implemented by a Consortium of mainstream and disability focused NGOs, targeting women with disabilities for economic empowerment opportunities.

Banks, L M and Polack, S (2014) The economic costs of exclusion and gains of inclusion of people with disabilities: evidence from low and middle income countries

This report presents the results of a systematic review on the association between disability and poverty in low and middle income countries.

International Labour Organization (2017) The Competitive Advantage of Hiring Persons with Disabilities: An Employer’s Guide to Disability Inclusion at the Workplace

This document was produced by ILO Bangladesh in collaboration with the Bangladesh Employers Federation to promote disability inclusive employment within the private sector.

ILO (2020) Key issues on promoting employment of persons with disabilities

This is a Q&A resource regarding the key issues for promoting employment opportunities for people with disabilities.

Secretariat, Conference of States Parties to the CRPD Economic empowerment through inclusive social protection and poverty reduction strategies

This background paper provides an introduction to the impact disability inclusive social protection measures can have, and a summary of United Nations work in this area.

Devandas-Aguilar C (2015) Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities (regarding social protection)

This report provides guidance on the establishment of disability inclusive social protection systems consistent with the obligations set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).

Banks L M, Mearkle R, Mactaggart I, Walsham M, Kuper H & Blanchet K (2016) Disability and social protection programmes in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review

This paper systematically reviews the evidence on whether persons with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries are adequately included in social protection programmes, and assesses the financial and non-financial impacts of participation.

Centre for Inclusive Policy (2023) The Disability Support Gap: Community support systems for persons with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries

This resource underscores the vital role of community support for people with disabilities, highlighting their diverse needs across life domains and the disparities in accessing such assistance, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

SPACE (2021) Inclusive Information Systems for Social Protection: Intentionally Integrating Gender and Disability

This resource considers disability as one of many additional identities women may hold, including older women, youth, refugee, migrant, Indigenous, LGBTI and other minority groups.

CBM, CDD, and DRRA (2020), Disability Inclusive Cash Transfer: Lessons from the humanitarian response to Cyclone Amphan

This learning document highlights good practices and lessons from this response and is intended to provide guidance to NGOs, state actors and OPDs to create inclusive responses and deliver equal outcomes through inclusive Multipurpose Cash Assistance (MPCA) in humanitarian action.

CBM Global (2021), Disability Inclusive Cash Assistance: Learnings from Practice in Humanitarian Response

This case study collection describes lessons learned from seven inclusive humanitarian cash transfer projects implemented from 2015-2020, and five ongoing projects from the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic responses.

World Vision (2014), Strengthening Community Resilience in the Gaza Strip Project (REVIEW link broken)

This eight minute video shows how small business courses for persons with disabilities have transformed lives in Gaza, by providing persons with disabilities the opportunity to set up a small business and gain financial security and independence.

European Disability Forum & CBM Global Disability Inclusion (2022), Key Principles and Recommendations for Inclusive Cash and Voucher Assistance in Ukraine

This technical brief provides guidance for humanitarian actors operating in Ukraine on how to implement Disability-Inclusive Cash and Voucher Assistance (CVA).

UNICEF (2022), Budgeting and mobilizing resources for disability inclusion in humanitarian actions

This technical brief provides guidance to estimate the costs associated with including people with disabilities in humanitarian action. The brief is primarily concerned with response planning and resource mobilization, and provides tools and tips to support action.

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